Since 2000, Congress has enacted a series of laws aimed at ensuring that the Department of Defense (DoD) and the military departments effectively and efficiently manage their business operations. Most recently, the National Defense Authorization Acts (NDAA) for Fiscal Years (FYs) 2008, 2009 and 2010 include mandates that DoD and each military department designate their Under Secretaries as Chief Management Officers (CMOs) and establish an Office of Business Transformation (OBT) to oversee transformation initiatives, including business systems architecture, information technology acquisition oversight and business process reengineering.